The discharge might also look thick or lumpy, have a bad smell or be accompanied by other vaginal symptoms like itching or burning. Am I pregnant?! ", American Academy of Family Physicians: "The Evaluation of Common Breast Problems. Breast changes: Many women experience changes in the breasts as early as the first weeks of pregnancy. All rights reserved. What might cause normal nipple discharge? Select a Right Bra Just do not stick to your old bra when your breasts are constantly increasing in size. The temperature rises about half a degree when an egg is released, and it remains elevated until you get your period. The breast lump may or may not be painful or tender. That said, keep in mind that most pregnant women who have spotting or bleeding in early pregnancy don't have a miscarriage. All rights reserved. What is concerning is feeling a new or growing lump. In many of these instances, you'll most likely notice red bleeding, but it's possible the blood might appear brown. Kopa Birthsonline birthing classesallow you to prepare for a natural hospital birth from the comfort of your own home, 24/7. Consuming turmeric in pregnancy is a debated subject. Galactorrhea. 5. If you are pregnant, there are many things to look forward to, such as feeling the baby move, hearing the babys heartbeat, and finding out the babys gender. During your second trimester (weeks 1326), you may notice that your areolas the pigmented areas around your nipples have grown darker. What causes brown discharge during pregnancy? Like morning sickness, some symptoms do go away once youre farther along. When pregnant, you may see more nipple changes, including nipples that stick out more and darkened areolas. In these instances, leaving the nipples alone for a while may help the condition to improve. First Da Capo Press, The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Galactorrhea is a milky discharge from both nipples, when a woman is not breastfeeding. Benign (harmless) lumps can pop up during pregnancy, so try not to freak out, but definitely get to the doctor ASAP. Most women experience some type of discharge during early pregnancy. In late pregnancy, your body is ready to feed your baby at any timeit is fully prepared to nourish your baby even if born premature. Can white vaginal discharge be an early pregnancy symptom? Keep in mind that every pregnancy is different, so you may not experience all of these things. I have read online of wonen having periods while periods while pregnsnt. One form of breast cancer that may cause breast discharge is intraductal carcinoma. During the earliest weeks of pregnancy, breast pain tends to be dull and achy. This is due to the boost of hormones during early pregnancy, when you go from 0 to 100 on the hormone scale. What are some common signs of pregnancy? This is a space where I will be sharing my experiences as I navigate through the world of fertility treatments, as well as provide information and resources about fertility and pregnancy. ENROLL IN THE KOPA PREPARED ESSENTIALS COURSE TODAY! You may also pass cysts (fluid-filled sacs). Just as you can get a clogged duct during breastfeeding, clogged ducts can also happen during pregnancy. Bloody show is another sign that labor's on the way. There are a few different types of nipple discharge, but the most common is milky discharge. Also Read: Vaginal Odour during Pregnancy: Reasons & Treatment 2. Remember, bring any suspicious lumps to the attention of your doctor as soon as you can. AskMayoExpert. "Needing to pee, all the time.". Alas, this sore feeling could last a while. Breast changes . The sensation may feel similar to a painful pimple, which is also caused by a clogged gland. She's passionate about bringing up-to-date, useful information to parents so they can make good decisions for their families. Breast discharge is often thin and milky, and it can vary in color from white to yellowish green. Things like missing your period, sore or tender breasts, feeling more tired and nausea (morning sickness) are common symptoms of early pregnancy. You may wonder if its normal and why it happens. You may notice that you can see veins under the skin of your breasts, which is a result of the increased volume of blood in your body. Do not cut back on your fluid intake. View Class #1 of Kopa's natural online childbirth class for. Some of the most common causes of nipple discharge during pregnancy include hormonal changes, increased blood flow to the breasts, and plugging of the milk ducts. Women may also describe a feeling of heaviness or fullness in the breasts. a small, non-cancerous lump in the breast. Nipple Discharge During Pregnancy: Leaking Breasts. Bright-red bleeding or brown discharge can start as early as 6 weeks. Causes By Mayo Clinic Staff Nipple discharge is a typical part of breast function during pregnancy or breast-feeding. It's a small mass in the brain benign but it's there. Is brown discharge normal during pregnancy? As you get closer to delivery and your cervix begins to thin out and open up (effacement and dilation), these mucus-like secretions may come out of your vagina and look like a glob of thickened mucus that's clear, pinkish, brownish, or tinged with a bit of blood. Its important to talk to your doctor about any concerns you have and get regular prenatal care. Bibliography. Blood flow to the area increases and your boobs grow larger. Pregnant women may lactate as early as the second trimester and may continue to produce milk for up to two years after cessation of breast-feeding. As the first trimester progresses, you may notice fullness and heaviness rather than tenderness. The symptoms of early pregnancy are very similar to the symptoms of your regular period. The vaginal discharge can become milky white. 164: Diagnosis and management of benign breast disorders. Infographic: Breast Reconstruction Options, Genetic testing for breast cancer: Psychological and social impact, What is breast cancer? Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. You can buy them almost anywhere baby or nursing supplies are sold. If. You may also notice tiny bumps on the areolas and wonder what is going on but again, this is completely normal. Nipple discharge is a typical part of breast function during pregnancy or breast-feeding. The #1 app for tracking pregnancy and baby growth. 1997-2023 BabyCenter, LLC, a Ziff Davis company. But if you notice discharge from your nipple, there's no reason to panic. To feed that hunger, hormones work quickly to prepare your breasts for breastfeeding. That can happen during foreplay or when you're taking part in activities that. "Fluctuating hormones tend to make headaches worse, and estrogen levels are more stable during pregnancy," explains Richard Gersh, M.D., an assistant professor of OB-GYN at Drexel University College of Medicine in Philadelphia. Bloody show. These are some of the changes you may experience during the second and third trimesters of your pregnancy: Discharge. The cleavage may be pretty great but this growth can also be painful, even causing skin irritation and itching. . It may be covering or touching the cervical opening. Here's what you need to, Your changing hormones and shape can lead to some common and not-so-common aches and pains during pregnancy. 1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). There usually aren't symptoms, though the most common symptom is bleeding in the second half of pregnancy, as your cervix begins to open up and disrupt the blood vessels in the area. The extra progesterone produced after conception causes your basal body temperature to rise, which in turn contributes to a lack of energy, explains Karen Perkins, M.D., an OB-GYN with A Woman's Choice at Mercy Medical Center in Baltimore. Breast tenderness is often one of the earliest symptoms of pregnancy. This can lead to the production of breast milk and the release of breast discharge. Because your digestive tract is slowing down now, says Dr. Goist, food may not pass through as quickly. Ways to promote labor. Join Katie on her own birth journey to learn all you need to know to be calm, prepared and confident during your natural birth. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you are experiencing changes in discharge, or any other symptoms, it is important to consult with your doctor. So if you're charting your BBT and notice it hasn't decreased in more than two weeks, it may mean you've got a baby on the way. There are often no symptoms until delivery, but vaginal bleeding during the third trimester can be a sign. There's not much to do about this early sign of pregnancy, unless the frequent urination is accompanied by burning, urgency, or other signs of infection. If a vaginal discharge occurs, especially if you missed your period then it is considered a sign of pregnancy. Although all this may sound horrifying and potentially pretty embarrassing if it happens at the wrong time leaked fluid and discharge actually happen in really small amounts. Category: PregnancyTag: second trimester, third trimester. I would mention it to your doctor. Pregnancy-associated breast cancer. Plugged milk ducts Brown discharge can be normal, for example if you bleed a bit after sex or a pelvic exam. Discharge. Nipple discharge alone (without a lump or other nipple change) is a very uncommon symptom of breast cancer. As the name implies, this happens when one of the ducts that carry milk out through your nipples becomes clogged or blocked. Before your body starts producing the "regular" breast milk that will feed your baby, it produces colostrum, which is the real cause behind nipple discharge during pregnancy (1, 3). While these changes are happening inside your breasts, you may also notice some visible changes. There are instances, though, when discharge from the breast may be a symptom of some forms of breast cancer. Darkening of the areola: The areola, or area around the nipple, may darken in color. 1. In the later stages of. These alveoli are grouped into lobules, and inside your breasts are clusters of lobules (3, 4). Sleeplessness. Pregnancy also causes the breasts to get heavier and swell a bit . It is completely normal. "Implantation bleeding is sort of a diagnosis of exclusion.". In the early stages of pregnancy, some women notice clear breast discharge coming from their nipples. Morning sickness, which can occur at any time of the day or night, often begins one to two months after you become pregnant. Breast and Nipple Discharge: What It Could Mean, Tips for Nursing Mothers: Common Problems, Surgical excision and analysis of one or more ducts in your nipple. 2021. Usually, it is the result of growing milk ducts, but sometimes it can be a sign of a blocked duct. Breast Pain During Pregnancy: Symptoms and Solutions, How to Tell the Difference Between Implantation Cramps and PMS Cramps, 9 Crazy Ways Your Breasts Change During Pregnancy, 15 Tips for Dealing With Morning Sickness, 11 Pregnancy Symptoms You Shouldnt Ignore, What's Safe to Eat When You're PregnantAnd What's Not, Am I Nuts? My breast are bigger and I have had several headaches and nausea. But it can also be a sign of a problem, such as a vaginal infection. A milky nipple discharge unrelated to pregnancy or breastfeeding is called galactorrhea. The amount of discharge you have during early pregnancy will vary from woman to woman. About 1 in every 1,000 pregnant women develop breast cancer. Cramping and discharge are common early signs of pregnancy, but they can also be caused by other conditions. Sore boobs during pregnancy or before or during your period, for that matter is very common and generally nothing to worry about. Breast discharge is the release of fluids from nipples of the breast. 1. You may notice an increase in white creamy discharge early in pregnancy, due to higher levels of estrogen. In fact, it is estimated that around half of all pregnant women will have some discharge from their breasts during pregnancy. We help patients at each step of the journey in getting treatment at established & accredited hospitals. Your vagina and cervix may get irritated during sex or a pelvic exam, which can lead to brown spotting or discharge. Try to use panty liners it can make you feel more comfortable during pregnancy. "You're making so much estrogen and progesterone in early pregnancy that the glands in the breasts start. These secretions fill the cervical canal in early pregnancy and create a protective barrier that remains for most of pregnancy. ", American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: "Fibrocystic breast changes. If this happens at the same time you lose your mucus plug, the mucus may be tinged with blood, but it can also happen independently. It is one of the most common early sign of pregnancy. Only 1 to 2 percent of pregnancies are ectopic, but it's important to get treatment immediately, because it's potentially dangerous for you. Friction during sex can cause some trauma to your vaginal or cervical tissues, especially if you're not well-lubricated, and that can cause some spotting. Undated. Wondering if youre pregnant? Or it can be caused by high doses of estrogen. GoMedii is a facilitation engine which comes 1st in the patient treatment value chain and collaborates with all stakeholders of the ecosystem. Well talk about this more in a minute. What Causes Right Side Pain During Pregnancy? "Brown discharge can be concerning when you're pregnant, but it's common," says Layan Alrahmani, ob-gyn and maternal-fetal medicine specialist in Chicago. It may be considered normal in many circumstances, but it is third most important reason for seeking medical aid after, breast lumps and breast pain. "Progesterone is the major hormone at play in the early stages of pregnancy, but there is the circulation of other hormones that help with the relaxation of muscles, so in those settings, some women get back pain and the like," Dr Sgroi said. They do this by repeatedly squeezing their nipples to check for nipple discharge. Nipple discharge is the release of fluid from the nipple. Make an appointment to your gynecologist if you notice any abnormal vaginal discharge. You can find out more and change our default settings with Cookies Settings. So how do you tell the difference? If you are experiencing nipple discharge during pregnancy, it is important to consult with your doctor. The aim of our study was to examine the relationship between EIBF (maternal lactation in the first hours and degree of latching before hospital discharge . Other symptoms include cramping, back pain, or contractions. Before your body starts producing the regular breast milk that will feed your baby, it producescolostrum, which is the real cause behind nipple discharge during pregnancy (1, 3). Trying to get pregnant? Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW The Essential Diabetes Book - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Ending the Opioid Crisis - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press. When you visit this site, it may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. It can be caused by the increase in estrogen and progesterone levels in your body. You bet! Kopabirth.com is the culmination of her thousands of hours of research and observation, and all posts are current and evidence-based. The other typical early pregnancy signs and symptoms are nausea, tiredness, and missing a menstrual period. Early on, the alveoli (small sacs inside your breasts where milk is made) begin growing larger and increasing in number. There are a number of other causes of nipple discharge, including, but not limited to, breast infection, breast cancer, and pituitary tumors. So it is natural that some of that waiting colostrum could make its way out as nipple discharge. Dont use tampons while pregnancy as this could expose the. (This also happens during PMS, notes Dr. Goist, but bloating typically stops when your period arrives when progesterone levels plummet.) If you're feeling right side pain. And, really, you can have discharge any time during pregnancy. If you experience a yellow discharge during pregnancy, it is important to see your doctor to determine the cause and get the appropriate treatment. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003158.htm [Accessed March 2023], OWH. Nipple discharge can vary in color from creamy white to, yellow, green, or brown (might want to warn your partner about that one). You can usually clear a clog by applying a warm compress or running warm water on it in the shower and gently massaging the area. Brown spotting can sometimes signal a more serious medical issue, however, so mention it to your healthcare provider. The milky discharge after breast-feeding will normally affect both breasts and can continue for up to two or three years after stopping nursing. But if youve been trying to get pregnant, you may be thinking that the ache in your bra is the sign youve been waiting for. It's typically diagnosed after an individual develops multiple pregnancies at once. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Your boobs might feel heavier and a little bigger than usual. Nonlactational mastitis. My suspected date is May 18. This condition develops in the ducts of the breast and then moves to the nipple. Using semi-structured interviews over the telephone the effects of 'voluntary' and 'involuntary' early postnatal discharge on women's experiences of early discharge and breast feeding rates were studied in a sample of 230 women. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Sore boobs can be well, a pain. Sure, most of us know that milk may leak from our breasts after the baby is born. It is similar to everyday discharge, meaning that it is thin, clear or milky white, and smells only mildly or not at all.. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine-and-metabolic-disorders/pituitary-disorders/galactorrhea#v980911. This type of discharge is called leukorrhea. Thats also totally normal and will definitely come as a relief. It is a very common breast symptom and in most cases is part of the normal function of the breast rather than being caused by a problem. 2016; doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000001482. All rights reserved. Can You Be Pregnant and Still Have a Period? Pregnancy sign: Heartburn. This can start as early as two weeks after conception. The best way to tell the difference is to see if your period comes or take a pregnancy test. This can be a little disconcerting, but dont worry! When creating and updating content, we rely on credible sources: respected health organizations, professional groups of doctors and other experts, and published studies in peer-reviewed journals. However, you may have discharge even if you're not pregnant or. From the very start of your pregnancy, with the change of hormones that accompany it, your breasts begin preparing to feed your baby (1, 2). If you are experiencing breast pain and you dont get a period when expected, speak to an OB-GYN to rule out pregnancy. So easy and delicious. Sensitive breasts are a common sign of pregnancy, and are usually noticeable after the four week mark. It's a common misconception that only older women are at risk of developing breast cancer. Fatigue. Mayo Clinic; 2019. Rising levels of hormones in early pregnancy can cause your breasts to feel heavy or sore, and this can happen as early as a week or two after you conceive, or during weeks three and four. Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) within the first hour after birth. Additional resources. Many people mistake these early signs of pregnancy for PMS symptoms, but they're actually caused by hormonal changes and the growth of the uterus. During the second and third trimesters you may also begin leaking a yellowish fluid called colostrum. Some people have symptoms of pregnancy before they miss their period. Sore Nipples (and Sore Breasts) One of the first signs of pregnancy for many women is sore breasts with very tender nipples. 24. Miscarriage is most common in the first trimester, though it can happen anytime up to 20 weeks. Any use of this site constitutes your agreement to the Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy linked below. Pain is not the only breast-related symptom you can expect during your pregnancy. They can be so tender to the touch that it hurts to dry off after a shower or put on a bra (go braless with confidence!). Last medically reviewed on July 15, 2019. The tests will help determine the underlying condition that's causing the problem and may include one or more of the following: Possible causes of abnormal discharge include: Most nipple discharge is either normal or caused by a benign medical condition. Mayo Clinic Staff. It usually occurs when your hCG level is on the lower end of normal, or implantation hasnt occurred yet. Pregnancy-related breast swelling and soreness tends to strike 1 to 2 weeks after you conceive. Hormone levels change rapidly after conception, which may cause your breasts to become swollen, sore or tingly. I am 31 and have breastfed 2xs. . Vagina Quiz: What Do You Know About Down Below? ", American Academy of Family Physicians: "Galactorrhea.". This fluid may be thought of as a highly nutritious superfood that nourishes your baby with proteins and antibodies, kick-starts her immune system, encourages the passage of meconium, and more. Theyre oil-producing glands that lubricate the breasts during breastfeeding and make the process a little more comfortable for you and your little one! But did you expect nipple discharge during pregnancy?! There is no cause for alarm unless the symptoms are accompanied by bleeding. https://www.acog.org/patient-resources/faqs/womens-health/vulvovaginal-health [Accessed March 2023], March of Dimes. "As levels of hCG hormones increase, you're feeling massive amounts of fatigue, which makes you more prone to moodiness," says Dr. Goist. Golshan M. Nipple discharge. Symptom Check: Is It PMS or Early Pregnancy? https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/paget-breast-fact-sheet. I take medication for this regularly and see an endocrinologist. It's normal to have more vaginal dischargeduring pregnancy, and some discharge is brown because it's tinged with old blood. Hyperovulation has few symptoms, if any. Some women who are concerned about breast secretions may actually cause it to worsen. 9 Ways Your Breasts Change During Pregnancy Leaking will typically be triggered when your nipples are stimulated. Sore breasts are common in early pregnancy due to fluctuations in hormones. Some causes of normal nipple discharge include: Pregnancy. National Cancer Institute. The milky discharge after breast-feeding usually affects both breasts and can continue for up to two or three years after stopping nursing. There are a number of causes of yellow discharge during pregnancy, including an infection, a problem with the baby, or a problem with the placenta. Enroll today in ourfree online childbirth classand start preparing for your natural birth! It increases during pregnancy to prevent infections as your cervix and vaginal walls . If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your healthcare provider to determine the cause and to receive proper treatment, if necessary. ","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Avoid consuming excessive amounts of liquids before a pregnancy test, including water. If you notice one or two days of light spotting, but no normal period, this could indicate implantation bleeding and pregnancy. Sometimes. In early stages of pregnancy, women might see a watery or liquid discharge coming out of the nipples, in the later stages . Galactorrhea may occur if you take sedatives or marijuana. Pregnancy symptoms, such as breast tenderness and nausea, begin to go away. However, breast cancer is a possibility, especially if: Possible causes of nipple discharge include: Causes shown here are commonly associated with this symptom. Later on, brown discharge can be a sign of preterm . Your heart also pumps faster, as it has to deliver extra oxygen to the uterus; this, too, can make you feel tuckered out. Breast discharge is often thin and milky, and it can vary in color from white to yellowish green. During your first trimester, you may also notice blue veins pumping extra blood into your breasts and changes to the size or shape of your nipples. Merck Manual Professional Version. Breastfeeding difficulties refers to problems that arise from breastfeeding, the feeding of an infant or young child with milk from a woman's breasts.Although babies have a sucking reflex that enables them to suck and swallow milk, and human breast milk is usually the best source of nourishment for human infants, there are circumstances under which breastfeeding can be problematic, or even in . This cancer develops within the ducts of the breast located beneath the nipple. Breast cancer radiation: Can it cause dry skin? Paget's disease usually occurs with another form of breast cancer. This can be asign of early labor. Like a period eaxh month. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 1. Bleeding or spotting is often the first sign of a miscarriage. Nipple discharge. Some relate to hormones that ebb and flow not just during pregnancy, but also during your regular cycle. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. National Cancer Institute. If your period doesnt start within a week or so, you may want to take a pregnancy test to be sure. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Other signs of abnormality include nipple discharge from only one breast and discharge that occurs spontaneously without anything touching, stimulating, or irritating your breast. The milk ducts in your breasts also grow to prepare for breastfeeding. Before you let your disappointment settle in at another inconclusive sign, though, lets look a little closer there are some distinguishing features that often make sore boobs a little different in pregnancy. Feelings of breast swelling, tenderness, or pain are also commonly associated with early pregnancy. And theyll continue darkening throughout the second and third trimesters , too. No, there is no such thing as discharge in early pregnancy. Breast Cancer In Young Women: A Journey That Requires Extra Support Breast cancer affects young women in many ways: from the battle to receive a diagnosis . Tender, swollen breasts. "Darker-complexioned women may not notice this until later in pregnancysay, around 10 weeks or so," says Melissa M. Goist, M.D., Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at The Ohio State University Medical Center. Vaginal itching and discharge adult and adolescent. You can just seek for some remedies to reduce the discomfort. First trimester pregnancy: What to expect. 2021. If the bloating doesn't go awayand your period never comesstart watching for that stick to turn pink. . This happens very early in pregnancy, when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus. What's Normal and What's Not. In fact, there are numerous common early signs of pregnancy to look out for, and a missed period is just one of them. If you are experiencing nipple discharge during pregnancy, it is important to consult with your doctor to determine the cause. Dixon JM. Early pregnancy loss. No nipple discharge is normal, too. Another rare form of breast cancer that may result in nipple discharge is Paget's disease. Since the tissue in your breasts is incredibly hormone sensitive, they swell and feel a. "In the first trimester, bleeding should be evaluated for three things in particular: miscarriage, an ectopic pregnancy, or certain types of infections," Dr. Singh says. When to call the doctor for brown discharge during pregnancy, premature rupture of the membranes (PROM), the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information, Any bleeding or spotting (bright red or brown), Any vaginal discharge with a strong odor, or that's green or yellow and frothy. The most common early signs and symptoms of pregnancy can include the following: (You Might Also Like To Read: 11 Wonderful Health Benefits of Honey). Estrogen is the hormone that is responsible for the development of breasts and milk ducts during pregnancy. https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/pregnancy/bleeding-and-spotting-vagina-during-pregnancy [Accessed March 2023], Medline Plus. If you experience any bleeding, contact your healthcare provider immediately. The discharge may be white, clear, or slightly yellow. Swollen or Tender Breasts. The #1 anytime, anywhere, natural hospital birth childbirth course. Breast Changes During Early Pregnancy There are a number of breasts changes during pregnancy that you should expect: Growth and enlargement - Around weeks 6-8, your breasts will get bigger and continue to grow throughout your pregnancy. Placenta previa means that your placenta is lying unusually low in your uterus. While breast discharge is generally nothing to worry about, it can sometimes be a sign of a problem. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your device and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. "I've had patients tell me they'd suddenly get queasy from reading in the car or would feel sick during flights," says Dr. Goist. You may also need a biopsy to confirm that it's a papilloma or to exclude a cancer. So, lets explore the early signs of pregnancy and about vaginal discharge. Well, whats frustrating is that sore boobs can occur for so many different reasons. Can I Tell If Im Pregnant Before I Miss My Period? (People Also Like To Read: Know About Female Reproductive System How Gynecologist Can Help?). Read This Next Vaginal and Perineal Tears After Childbirth 12 Ways You Can Prepare for Labor Hospital Bag Checklist Having brown spotting or discharge when you're pregnant can be worrying. {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"@type":"Question","name":"During the first trimester, does your stomach feel rigid or soft?