On their way to Switzerland, the Landaus unfortunately run into German soldiers. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. Ruta Sepetys, author of Between Shades of Gray. Note: When citing an online source, it is important to include all necessary dates. Summary Themes Questions & Answers Characters Analysis Refugee Themes T he main themes in Refugee are trauma and growing up, the dehumanization of refugees, and empathy and hope. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. The author can choose to leave the storyboard public or mark it as Unlisted. Captain Schroeder demonstrates how to change the ship's speed. The ship leaves for Europe, and Captain Schroeder promises to divide the passengers between England, Belgium, the Netherlands, and France. In addition, any storyboard can be made sharable, where a private link to the storyboard can be shared externally. For the last few years, there has been a war in his country between the Syrian government, rebels, the Soviets, the United States and several other factions. In large numbers, Cubans are protesting the regime of Fidel Castro, whose flawed policies they believe have led to the economic catastrophe. After the fall of the Soviet Union, Cuba has become inhospitable for most of its citizens under the regime of Fidel Castro. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. The novel begins with the story line of twelve-year-old Josef, a Jewish boy in Germany. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Kimberly Brubaker Bradley, Newbery Honor winning author of The War That Saved My Life. After it capsizes, it is another boat that gives Hana a chance at life, and it is a Greek Coast Guard boat that ultimately rescues Mahmouds family. Seor Castillo, who is passive for much of the action, pulls Isabel into the water at the end of the novel to ensure that she reaches the American coast. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Josef is loyal, compassionate, paternal, and selfless. Mahmoud should not have to decide to give away his little sister to save her life, Josef should not have to slap his father to subdue him, and Isabel should not have to scramble to arrange gasoline for a boat to take her family away to possible safety. When Officer Padron returns to the St. Louis, he is treated like a hero by the Jewish passengers. At another level, however, water represents change, which many of the main characters have to undergo either to survive or to redeem themselves. All will face unimaginable dangersfrom drownings to bombings to betrayals. As Landau's hysteria increases, Josef slaps his father's face. Meant to be read, discussed, and shared widely. Instant PDF downloads. This is a must read for anyone, especially people who like history. Josef and Rachel were captured by the Nazis, while Ruth was adopted by a kind French family. If there are two dates, the date of publication and appearance On the ship, Ruth, born in Nazi Germany, has the freedom to play openly for the first time in her life. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. This is an engaging tale. With riots and unrest plaguing her country, she and her family set out on a raft, hoping to find safety and freedom in America But Captain Schroeder recognizes the necessity of keeping those hopes alive, and so continues to conceal that there may be trouble when they reach Cuba. $24.99 White Read-Aloud Award Finalist, 2018 NCTE Charlotte Huck Outstanding Fiction for Children Honor Book, 2017 Malka Penn Award for Human Rights in Childrens Literature Honor Book, Kirkus Reviews Best Middle Grade Historical Books of 2017, Publishers Weekly Best Middle Grade Books of 2017, Southern Living Best Childrens Books of 2017, Publishers Weekly Best Audiobooks of 2017, School Library Journal Top Ten Audio Books of 2017, Booklist Editors Choice: Top 10 Audio for Youth 2017, Audible Best Kids Audiobooks of 2017 Finalist, Center for the Study of Multicultural Childrens Books Best Books of 2017, New York Public Library Top 100 Best Books for Kids 2017, Chicago Public Library Kids Best Fiction for Older Readers 2017, Amazon Top 20 Best Childrens Books of 2017, 2019 Oklahoma Sequoyah Intermediate Book Award Winner, 2018-2019 Pennsylvania Young Readers Choice Grade 6-8 Winner, 2018-2019 Maine Student Book Award Winner, 2018-2019 Vermont Dorothy Canfield Fisher Award Winner, 2019 North Carolina Childrens Book Award Winner, 2019North Dakota Flicker Tale Book Award Winner, 2020 Illinois Rebecca Caudill Young Readers Book Award Winner, 2020 Wisconsin Golden Archer Medal Winner, 2019-2020 Louisiana Young Readers Choice Awards Honor Book, 2020 Arizona Grand Canyon Reader Award Winner, 2019-2020 Tennessee Volunteer State Book Award Winner, 2019-2020 Indiana Young Hoosier Book Award Winner, 2020 California Young Reader Book Award Winner, 2019-2020 Minnesota Maud Hart Lovelace Award Winner, 2018 Colorado Blue Spruce Young Adult Book Award Nominee, 2018-2019 MarylandBlack-Eyed Susan Book Award Nominee, 2020 Nebraska Golden Sower Award Finalist, 2020 New Jersey Garden State Teen Book Award Nominee, 2020 Washington State Sasquatch Book Award Nominee, 2019 Hampshire (England) Book Award Finalist, 2020 Colorado Childrens Choice Book Award Masterlist, 2020 Pacific Northwest Young Readers Choice Award Masterlist, 2020 New Hampshire Isinglass Teen Read Award Masterlist, 2021 German Youth Literature Award Nominee. Refugee is a novel by Alan Gratz that examines three interrelated stories of the refugee experience. The two families face much peril in the Florida straits: giant tankers, a hurricane that blows them off course, running out of fuel and water, deadly sharks, and Mami's going into labor all while trying to avoid the U.S. Coast guard so that they can make it to shore where they can claim asylum. Out of these passengers, it was mostly those who found asylum in England who survived World War II. Finally, storyboards are a great way to assess student understanding because they provide a visual representation of student learning. Refine any search. 4 Mar. When Josefs father is reunited with his family, they notice that Dachau has changed him: he is paranoid and very thin. These arent completely true stories, but these things do happen to real people, even today. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. They run into several problems, like being in bloody water with many sharks around on a sinking boat and there are high stakes at the end. However, soon enough, Germany invades Poland, thus beginning World War II. Wed love to have you back! Fidel Castro has taken over the country of Cuba and the citizens are sick of his dictatorship. Even amongst people who have lost everything, they still have empathy toward this man who showed the same courtesy to a fellow Jewish person. Josef is a Jewish boy in 1930s Nazi Germany. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Before the ceremony begins, the Rabbi asks the captain to take down the portrait of Hitler, which the captain does. Her father is caught participating in the "Maleconazo" riot, during which citizens protested the government's civil rights abuses as well as the economic crisis that had plunged the nation into poverty. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Josef, his family, and the passengers are now faced with the possibility of being returned to Germany and to their certain death. What I really like about this book is the changing perspectives. Refine any search. When the family is eventually caught, Josefs mother is forced to choose which of her children will be freed and which will be sent to a concentration camp. The Nazis invade France in 1940, forcing the Landaus to go on the run once again. Struggling with distance learning? SparkNotes PLUS This is how Mahmoud puts it: No one cares about us if we stay out of your way, but if we come near you were seen as a burden. Though the three stories are historically discrete at first glance, they are linked by the fates of Ruth, Lito, and the Bisharas. 20% When the family finally gets to their promised boat, they find that it is merely a rubber raft. Empathy and Social Responsibility. The book revolves around three main characters from three different eras: Nazi Germany, 1990s Cuba, and modern-day Syria. Josef goes to find his sister but when he comes back his father is gone. The Circuit: Stories from the Life of a Migrant Child. Josefs father gets sent to a concentration camp. Aarons real crime, of course, is that he is a Jew, the minority group that Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler wants to eradicate. Please wait while we process your payment. Teachers can view all of their students storyboards, but students can only view their own. His mother, father, little brother Waleed, and baby sister Hana barely manage to escape the bombing of their apartment building. The Landaus disembark in France, which gives them some months of respite. Fatima holds little Hana over her head, while Mahmoud keeps Fatima afloat. (including. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Josef's story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. The boat the Castillos have cobbled together becomes the center of Isabels existence. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. In Isabels story, the water is choppy with sharks, representing the violence and uncertainty of her condition as well as fact: the ninety-mile stretch between Cuba and Florida is known to be shark territory. Josef's father is convinced there is a trap, so Josef and his mother go without him. The second is the date of Isabels best friend and neighbor, Ivn, is building a small boat with his father so that his family can flee to America. In the back of the book, the author Alan Gratz offers ways that people can help refugees like Josef, Isabel, Mahmoud, and their families. However, the trouble begins when the ship docks in Havana harbor and the Cuban government does not allow the passengers to disembark. Sometimes it can end up there. REFUGEE braids three different stories of young refugees. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. eNotes.com, Inc. In the end, these three stories are connected. Teachers and parents! They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. March 4, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 On Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass, seven Nazi Brownshirts (storm troopers) raid his home. Fidel Castro has taken over the country of Cuba and the citizens are sick of his dictatorship. eNotes Editorial. Mahmoud decides that he no longer wants to be ignored and leads the refugees out of the prison, walking twelve hours to Austria. 3 Mar. Josef's father suffers greatly from post traumatic stress disorder from his months of torture, starvation, and hard labor in the concentration camp. eNotes.com Scholastic|July 25,2017|Ages 8and Up. Instant PDF downloads. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. This compelling novel will help young people make sense of todays refugee crisis. That day in 1940 in France, her mother could not make the impossible choice before her. Just as when Isabel gave some of her paltry food to the cat, Gratz shows here how even the most destitute people can still give somethingthus, those with more than that should be able to provide any aid they can, too. Isabel's story is like that of thousands of other Cuban immigrants who all fled Castro's Cuba. When Isabel is asked to play a song at her new school in America, she plays a Cuban salsa version of The Star-Spangled Banner.. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Before long, the raft capsizes, and the family stays alive by floating in the frigid water, their counterfeit life jackets refusing to work. What are some of the themes, symbols and motifs present in the novel? Lito, Isabels grandfather, allows himself to be deported so that the Fernandezes can make it to Florida. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. The elderly woman Mahmoud meets is Ruth, Josefs younger sister. publication online or last modification online. They will also appear in Google search results. Padron tells Josef and his mother that Landau has been sedated and is recovering in a Cuban hospital. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Lito jumps in the water to distract the Coast Guard, and Isabels mother gives birth to a boy, just as they reach the shore. date the date you are citing the material. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida - 1994, 5 days (1) Themes and Colors Key This section starts with Josefs perspective, somewhere on the Atlantic in 1939, 8 days from home (74). Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Though Josef is devastated, he wonders if this is what becoming a man means - not relying on your father. You can also use Storyboard That to create a summary of the book, a movie poster, or analyze themes and events. Though Refugee is a novel, all three of its main storylines are based on actual historical events. Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. All three families make their asylum-seeking journeys on boats through perilous waters. With urgent, clear-eyed storytelling, Gratzs Refugee compellingly explores the desperation and strength that unites those struggling for a place to call home. on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% He watches his friends' father, whom had already sought asylum in Cuba, come to pick up his daughters on the boat. online is the same, and will be the first date in the citation. All three young people will go on harrowing journeys in search of refuge. Josefs father gets sent to a concentration camp. Isabels beloved grandfather Litoshort for Abuelitois on board as well, though he is unsure about leaving Cuba. Thank you! School Library Journal Audiobooks - STARRED REVIEW. Get news and updates about the stuff Alan writes! Filled with both tragic loss and ample evidence of resilience, these memorable and tightly plotted stories contextualize and give voice to current refugee crises, Exceptional readers Michael Goldstrom, Kyla Garcia, and Assaf Cohen tackle Gratzs compelling novel. Eventually, the captain announces that they are not going to be allowed to dock in Havana and that the boat will be leaving. Complete your free account to request a guide. However, beneath the surface, the ride isnt as perfect as it looks, and Josef has to take the initiative several times. Josef warns his father that he must . Refugee: Josef: Havana Harbor - 1939, 19 days (2) Summary & Analysis Next. In the end, these three stories are connected. Josef: Havana Harbor 1939, 19 days (2). Refugee is a young adult literature novel by Alan Gratz published by Scholastic Corporation in 2017. Teachers and parents! At only 13, Josef takes on much of the family's responsibilities. All three stories make for a great novel and it will teach you a lot and appreciate how good we have it. Josef is 12 years old at the beginning of the book, living in Nazi Germany in 1938, where Jewish people like Josef are treated as "subhuman" and second-class citizens. From the outset, Gratz places readers in the middle of the action and immediately demonstrates the cruelty of the Nazis against the Jews. Josefs hope starts to waver following the discovery that the ship may not actually allow them to find a new life in Cuba. Margaret Neville, The King's English Bookstore, 2018 Sydney Taylor Book Award Winner for Older Readers, 2018 National Jewish Book Award Winner for Young Adults, New York Times Notable Middle Grade Childrens Book 2017, 2017 Cybils Middle Grade Fiction Award Winner, 2018 Indies Choice/E.B. This is a fascinating tale. The family struggles between needing to stay "invisible" in order to avoid danger and survive and becoming "visible" so that those with means can give them aid. Word Count: 1050. What is the resolution for Josef, Isabel, and Mahmoud inRefugee? After its passengers were denied asylum in Cuba, the ship tragically returned to Europe, hoping to find sanctuary for its passengers between four European countries: Belgium, France, the Netherlands, and England. Mahmoud learns to shed his anonymity and turn more decisive as his raft flounders in the Mediterranean. Isabel Fernandez lives in Cuba in 1994. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. After Mahmouds home is destroyed, his brother Waleed, sister Hana, and his parents drive to the border of Turkey, hoping to escape. You'll also receive an email with the link. One example is when Josefs family falls apart and he has to be the leader by talking to other people and acting as the main adult of his family. Lito, Isabels grandfather, also joins them. Im a big fan of that, and it was executed brilliantly here. His experiences with oppression in Germany, and then as a refugee, cause him to grow up far sooner than he should have to. Storyboards also promote higher-level thinking by encouraging students to synthesize information and think critically about what they have read. . As Gratz observes in his author's note to the novel, the MS St. Louis was a real ship carrying . Josef; his mother, Rachel; and his sister, Ruth, leave for Hamburg, where they are to meet Aaron and sail to Cuba, which is said to be offering asylum to those fleeing Nazi Germany. Josef: Train to Hamburg - 1939, 1 day Themes and Colors Key Summary Analysis After school, Mahmoud, Waleed, and their mother, Fatima, do their usual afternoon prayer.