For a complete list of The Phantom of the Opera national tours, browse all The Phantom of the Opera tickets. But before it closes, the show at the Majestic Theatre, 245 W. 44th St., will celebrate its 35th anniversary on Jan. 26. 6, 13, 15, 23, 139, 159 and 453. [24] Costume designer Alexandra Byrne utilized a limited black, white, gold and silver color palette for the Masquerade ball in spite of the lyrics being sung indicating that it is a multicolored affair in which mauve, puce, green, and black amongst others are on display. After the Phantom shows Christine a mannequin of her dressed in a wedding dress he made for her, Christine faints and sleeps in the Phantom's lair. The production features over 200 costumes, striking set props, and a soundtrack featuring world-renowned songs Music of the Night, All I Ask of You, and Think of Me.. The next day, Christine visits her father's tomb with the Phantom posing as his spirit to win her back, but Raoul intervenes. [7], However, the start date was pushed to November 1990 at both Babelsberg Studios in Potsdam, Germany and Barrandov Studios in Prague, Czech Republic. Photo Coverage: Meet. Featuring songs like "Wishing You Were Somehow Here Again," "All I Ask of You" and "The Music of the Night," the show played to nearly full capacity (1,655) decades after opening. As it is hoisted up to the roof, the story moves back to 1870. This production, which retains the beloved story and thrilling score, boasts exciting new special effects, scenic and lighting designs, staging and choreography and has been hailed by critics as bigger and better than ever before., "Take a deep breath and prepare to be dazzled. The terrifically fun London Palladium revival of his Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat has New York in its sights after it plays Torontos Princess of Wales Theatre this winter. There wasn't much Schumacher could have done with the story or the music he was handed, but in the areas over which he held sway, he has triumphed. In an exclusive for Deadline, Universal as required the John Fusco spec script titled Phantom that is based on the Gaston Leroux novel The Phantom of the Opera but set in contemporary New Orleans. The Leroux novel has become a hit musical from Sir Andrew Lloyd Webber of the same name and has been running on Broadway since the 80s. Phantom of The Opera-mv,Avi-mp4-Phantom of The Opera-dj . When Raoul is on his way down the stairs to the Phantom's lair, he falls through a hole, down into a pit of water. [3] Warner Bros. was given a first-look deal for distribution; when the principal cast was chosen in June 2003, Warner Bros. paid under $8 million to acquire the North American distribution rights. Find out for yourself, on Broadway check out the schedule below, click on individual links for a detailed seating chart, and get your Phantom of the Opera 2023 Tickets right away! The production opened at Curve, Leicester at the beginning of March. However, the managers choose Carlotta instead. Since its opening night on Jan. 26, 1988, the show, produced by Cameron Mackintosh and Lloyd Webbers Really Useful Group, has played 13,733 performances over nearly 35 years. Representatives say it has been seen by 19.5 million people and grossed $1.3 billion. The musical changed the landscape for touring across the country, inspiring the renovation of theaters and opera houses. What are you waiting for?? More from Broadway:1776 is shattering glass ceilings. That would have been my approach to the film. [9] "Everything got tied up in settlements", Schumacher reflected. The Majestic Theatre, the best musical house on Broadway, has finally been freed up after nearly four decades. "Schumacher, the man who added nipples to Batman's suit, has staged Phantom chastely, as if his job were to adhere the audience to every note". 10 Various Artists - Poor Fool, He Makes Me Laugh/Il Mut. The global website for Andrew Lloyd Webber's The Phantom of the Opera, widely considered one of the most beautiful and spectacular productions in history. The Phantom of the Opera has released a new trailer!Led by Killian Donnelly in the titular role, taking on the role of Christine will be Lucy St Louis, with . This iconic musical has stood the test of time, reigning as one of the best-known shows to ever hit Broadway: Andrew Lloyd Webber's The Phantom of the Opera. The production won seven Tony Awards, including Best Actor for Crawford and Best Musical. Musical supervision is by Simon Lee.The cast also includes Saori Oda as Carlotta Giudicelli, Matt Harrop as Monsieur Firmin, Adam Linstead as Monsieur Andr, Greg Castiglioni as Ubaldo Piangi, Francesca Ellis as Madame Giry and Ellie Young as Meg Giry. Christine and Raoul flee to the roof, declaring their love for each other. The theater that new show is currently going into, the Shubert, has about 350 fewer seats. "[42], In a mixed review for Newsweek, David Ansen praised Rossum's performance, but criticized the filmmakers for their focus on visual design rather than presenting a cohesive storyline. Before leaving, he notices a freshly laid rose with Christine's ring attached to its stem, implying that the Phantom is still alive and will always love her. Take advantage of Q-Park's Theatreland Parking Scheme & save 50% off your parking for up to 4 hours: Q-Park Website. The surrounding Paris skyline for "All I Ask of You" was entirely composed of matte paintings. he Phantom of the Opera may be the most deeply uncool musical out there, but there's a reason it's been running for 35 years and that's the tunes. Facing the performance's cancellation, Madame Giry suggests that Christine be the lead actress. Cameron Mackintoshs spectacular new production of Andrew Lloyd Webbers The Phantom of the Opera comes to a city near youas part of a brand new North American Tour. Standard Ticket Terms | [5] Cinesite also created a miniature falling chandelier, since a life-size model was too big for the actual set. Tickets for The Phantom of the Opera in Toronto start at $89.00, and average $223.00. When The Phantom of the Opera performs in Toronto, shows are typically held at Princess of Wales Theatre Toronto. The Phantom of the Opera: Directed by Joel Schumacher. Still, some have praised the film for its sheer spectacle. At that year's Tonys, it was nominated for 10 awards, winning 7 including Best Musical. Sources told The Post there will be a large bash to celebrate its 35th anniversary. Mackintosh pulled the same maneuver with Londons Les Misrables at whats now the Sondheim Theatre. Rossum, Wilson and Driver had singing experience, but Butler had none and was provided with music lessons prior to filming. Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. As Broadway bids farewell, the show is still playing in London. [as he leads Christine down the tunnels of the opera]. The Phantom encounters stagehand Joseph Buquet and hangs him above the stage. This man, the Phantom, hides his disfigured face with what has become the image of the musical, the porcelain white half-mask. The Phantom Of The Opera takes place in the decadent Paris Opera House where the Phantom - a man ashamed of his physical appearance - hides from the real world in the darkness of the theatre. Not only will it have great tickets listed for every performance, but it will have them at every price point, too. The production won seven Tony. ", "Extraordinarily opulent. Accessible Performances available. 2022-DjKevinMix-DJELECTROHIV9. [12] The studio was keen to cast John Travolta for the lead role,[13] but also held discussions with Antonio Banderas, who undertook vocal preparation and sang the role of the Phantom in the TV special Andrew Lloyd Webber: The Royal Albert Hall Celebration. Because if you don't, some other musical theater buff will! The show is known for delighting theatergoers with its spectacular stage elements (including the signature haunted chandelier), stellar acting performances, and memorable soundtrack. The top half was implemented using a combination of computer-generated imagery (CGI) and a scale model created by Cinesite. [1] A few foreign markets were particularly successful,[30] such as Japan, where the film's 4.20billion ($35million) gross stood as the 6th most successful foreign film and 9th overall of the year. And a revamped Broadway version of the composers musical Cinderella at the Imperial Theatre will be announced as soon as next week. The Phantom of the Opera grossed $154.6million worldwide, and received neutral reviews from critics, but was well-received by audiences. Based on the classic novel "Le Fantme de LOpra" by Gaston Leroux, the show's lyrics are by Charles Hart, with additional lyrics by Richard Stilgoe, and a book by Richard Stilgoe and Webber. "[46], In a 2013 interview with Hollywood.com, Cameron Mackintosh, a co-producer on the stage musical who had nothing to do with this movie, said "I would have wanted to do the film differently. Independent guide linking to ticket resale marketplace. The Phantom Of The Opera Majestic Theatre New York, New York Wed, Feb 22, 2023 8:00 PM See Tickets Thu, Feb 23, 2023 7:00 PM See Tickets Fri, Feb 24, 2023 8:00 PM Critics praised the visuals and acting, particularly the performances of Butler and Rossum, but criticized the writing, directing and unnecessary deviations from the stage version. The worldwide sensation The Phantom Of The Opera is coming to the Paramount Theatre Seattle! The Phantom: [sings] Sing once again with me our strange duet. Update Email Preferences |. RELATED: UNIVERSAL'S CLASSIC MONSTERS: THE ESSENTIAL COLLECTION Blu-ray Review, Fusco's inspiration came from working on the film The Highwaymen where he became reacquainted with the French Quarter. On average, a ticket to see Phantom of the Opera in Los Angeles costs $136 on the resale market. Upon seeing Christine's engagement ring, the Phantom steals it and flees, pursued by Raoul, but Giry stops him. (June 9), With new score, movie is cross-dressing for success on Broadway. As much a part of the city landscape as the Empire State Building and the Statue of Liberty, the blockbuster phenomenon has long been a New York City landmark. If your event gets canceled, we'll make it right. [15] The Phantom of the Opera was produced on an $80million budget. Antonio Banderas wants to create a Spanish language production, the release added. When a young chorus girl, Christine Daa, rises to leading lady, the . 1:13. [28][29] The total domestic gross was $51.2 million. After more than three decades, "The Phantom of the Opera," the longest-running show in Broadway history, is closing. Theatre manager Monsieur Lefvre plans to retire, leaving the theatre under the ownership of Richard Firmin and Gilles Andr, who introduce their patron, the young Raoul. Carlotta refuses to perform after being tormented for three years by the theatre's resident "Opera Ghost", a mysterious figure said to live in the catacombs below. Tickets for The Phantom of the Opera in Toronto start at $89.00, and average $223.00. TiMoEventWidget.baseQueryString = "?aid=16280&sid=paramounttheatre"; For the role of Carlotta, Minnie Driver devised an over-the-top, camp performance as the egotistical prima donna. This is set it in the sultry nightlife scene of modern day New Orleans, the world of jazz, R&B, neo-Soul, and funk. Produced and co-written by Lloyd Webber and directed by Joel Schumacher, it stars Gerard Butler in the title role, with Emmy Rossum, Patrick Wilson, Miranda Richardson, Minnie Driver, and Jennifer Ellison in supporting roles. 08 Various Artists - I Remember/Stranger Than You Dreamt It. The Phantom murders the lead tenor, Ubaldo Piangi, and takes his place to sing with Christine. From its premiere in Londons Her Majestys Theatre to now, The Phantom Of The Opera has endured the test of time, growing all the more majestic and elaborate with each further incarnation. "[43] Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly believed Schumacher did not add enough dimension in adapting The Phantom of the Opera. Terms of Use | I began playing with them again, writing music and recorded two albums and during the pandemic I reflected on that journey and wanted to bring the screenwriting together with the songwriting and that music with a full out movie musical.. Principal photography lasted from 15 September 2003 to 15 January 2004. [15] Patrick Wilson was cast as Raoul[21] based on his previous Broadway theatre career. The New York production currently stars Ben Crawford as The Phantom and Emilie Kouatchou as Christine. "Its kitschy romanticism bored me on Broadway and it bores me hereI may not be the most reliable witness. A national tour began in early 1991 and after 20 years of touring ended at the Pantages Theatre in October 2010 where its final performance was attended by Phantom inaugurals Sarah Brightman and Andrew Lloyd Webber. Watch The Phantom Of The Opera Scene: Say You Love Me, Watch The Phantom Of The Opera Scene: Sword Fight, Watch The Phantom Of The Opera Scene: I Will Not Be Singing, Watch The Phantom Of The Opera Scene: Masquerae, Watch The Phantom Of The Opera Scene: It's Him, Watch The Phantom Of The Opera Scene: The Music Of The Night, Watch The Phantom Of The Opera Scene: I Have A Message From The Opera Ghost, The doll in the Phantom's lair that is supposed to resemble. While it doesn't deviate much from the stage material, the film has given it an even deeper emotional centre. Check back for Phantom of the Opera Chicago dates. In fact, Shubert chair Bob Wankel wanted the Majestic for the upcoming musical Some Like It Hot, but was reluctant to give Phantom the boot. 3 ways to buy tickets. See production, box office & company info, The Phantom of the Opera at the Royal Albert Hall, Auction at the Opera Populaire, 1919 (Prologue). The Phantom Of The Opera Scene: I Have A Message From The Opera Ghost. Lloyd Webber may be back to Broadway soon enough. A representative verified the show will play is final performance on . Which means you can catch the music, the magic, and the romance of this Andrew Lloyd Webber classic, no matter your budget! In 2000, The Pantages underwent an inch-by-inch renovation in preparation for The Lion King musical. ", This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 09:31. This website is operated by a ticket broker.We are not affiliated with nor endorsed by the Phantom of the Opera. Phantom of the Opera is based on the 1910 French novel by Gaston Leroux and tells the story of Christine, a beautiful and talented opera singer who becomes the object of desire of a mysterious man who lives beneath the Paris Opera House. One of the longest-running shows of all time, Andrew Lloyd Webbers The Phantom of the Opera is an iconic production that has stood the test of time. The site's critical consensus reads: "The music of the night has hit something of a sour note: critics are calling the screen adaptation of Andrew Lloyd Webber's popular musical histrionic, boring and lacking in both romance and danger. Phantom continues to play in London at Her Majestys Theatre soon to be renamed His Majestys Theatre following the death of Queen Elizabeth II and recently had some of its original staging revised. The Phantom reacts violently and covers his face with his hand. Phantom of the Opera in Los Angeles Performance Times. Don't miss out on your chance to see one of the most talked-about, acclaimed, and beloved musicals of all time when it makes its triumphant return to the Windy City in 2023. "[17] "We needed somebody who has a bit of rock and roll sensibility in him", Andrew Lloyd Webber explained. [39] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale. Would August Wilson approve? After its 1986 premiere in London, it received the Laurence Olivier award for Best New Musical and Best Actor in a Musical. 09 Various Artists - Notes/Prima Donna. "Phantom" became the longest-running show in Broadway history on Jan. 9, 2006 when it surpassed the nearly 18-year run of "Cats," another musical featuring the music of Andrew Lloyd Webber. In the present, Raoul visits the recently deceased Christine's grave and places the Phantom's music box before it. The three original U.S. national tours combined grossed over $1.5 billion, playing 216 engagements in 77 cities to 31 million people. / My power over you grows stronger yet. Excellent show with the music that has become part of the fabric of classics. The Phantom then abducts Christine and retreats as he causes the chandelier to crash and sets the opera house on fire to cover his tracks, but a mob forms to hunt him down with the police. During the performance, the Phantom switches Carlotta's throat spray, causing her to sing out of tune, and Christine replaces her. I was in New Orleans with Costner, Woody and John Lee Hancock and found myself reconnecting with my old musical haunts, and the next generation of my music cronies, he told Deadline. While not a critical hit, the tourists kept coming year after to year to see the show's lavish sets and costumes, large cast and Broadways largest orchestra. Rest assured, however, Lloyd Webber's neo-Puccinian songs are reprised and reprised and reprised until you're guaranteed to go out humming. Would August Wilson approve? Warner Bros. purchased the film rights to The Phantom of the Opera in early 1989, granting Andrew Lloyd Webber total artistic control. Phantom is a story we know but through a new lens and seems like a fascinating take on the world that Leroux started. Season Subscriber Terms | Lloyd Webbers lush songs (with lyrics by Charles Hart and Richard Stilgoe), Harold Princes innovative staging, Gillian Lynnes balletic choreography and the lavish set and costume designs by Maria Bjrnson are seared into the minds of generations of theatergoers. The Phantom is back! It's not based on the theatre visually or direction-wise, but it's still got exactly the same essence. [14] As a result, Lloyd Webber invested $6million of his own money. The worldwide sensation The Phantom Of The Opera is coming to the Paramount Theatre Seattle! The Phantom, now heartbroken after witnessing the whole scene, vows revenge. The book is by Richard Stilgoe and Lloyd Webber, based on the novel Le Fantme de l'Opera by Gaston Leroux, with orchestrations by David Cullen and Lloyd Webber. He then escapes before the mob and the police arrive, with Meg finding only his discarded mask. Now, in Schumacher's film, that spell lives on. Mesmerized by the talents and beauty of the young soprano Christine, The Phantom lures her as his protg and falls fiercely in love with her. BAMBAM Google Play Korea MIYEON (G)I-DLE . The actress modeled the relationship between the Phantom and Christine after Suzanne Farrell and George Balanchine. PARKING. The film was announced in 1989, although production did not start until 2002 due to Lloyd Webber's divorce and Schumacher's busy career. [23], Production designer Anthony D. G. Pratt was influenced by French architect Charles Garnier, designer of the original Paris opera house, as well as Edgar Degas, John Singer Sargent, Gustave Caillebotte, the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. Ticket prices range from $29 to $169, with premium tickets also available. 0:43. A young soprano becomes the obsession of a disfigured and murderous musical genius who lives beneath the Paris Opra House. The right show could be grossing $3 million a week there, rather than $1 million from Phantom.. The Phantom of the Opera. For now, the Shubert Organization will be pleased. Buy The Phantom of the Opera (Touring) tickets from the official Ticketmaster.com site. I wasn't available, unfortunately. [40], Despite having been impressed with the cast, Jonathan Rosenbaum of the Chicago Reader wrote that "Teen romance and operetta-style singing replace the horror elements familiar to film-goers, and director Joel Schumacher obscures any remnants of classy stage spectacle with the same disco overkill he brought to Batman Forever. Filming was set to begin at Pinewood Studios in England in July 1990, under a $25 million budget. 0:51. Although this play has been around for a long time this was my first experience with it. Ladies and gentlemen, tickets are now available for the longest-running musical in Broadway history!! According to New Straits Times, the hit musical The Phantom of the Opera will make its premiere in Kuala Lumpur for a limited season at the Istana Budaya from June 15, 2019. He said "The Phantom was too young, and the whole point of the Phantom is he needs to be quite a bit older than Christine. He has played Jean Valjean in Les Misrables in the West End, Martin in the Cameron Mackintosh national tour of Martin Guerre, and was in the original cast of both Boy George's Taboo and Jerry Springer the Opera.Other roles include Ralph Rackstraw in H.M.S. However, prices can vary based on the day of the week, seat selection, and many other factors. When Raoul arrives, the Phantom threatens to kill him unless Christine weds him. "[41] Stephanie Zacharek of Salon.com believed that Phantom of the Opera "takes everything that's wrong with Broadway and puts it on the big screen in a gaudy splat. [5], The Phantom of the Opera was released in the United Kingdom on 10 December 2004 and the United States on 22 December 2004. Katie Holmes, who began working with a vocal coach, was the front-runner for Christine Daa in March 2003. It combines the world of upstage and the lair below. 2023 NYP Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved, 'Creed III' review: 'Rocky' movie a knockout even without Rocky, 'Operation Fortune: Ruse de guerre' review: Spy comedy sputters, The 2023 Oscar actors races are getting vicious, Why making more 'Lord of the Rings' movies is a terrible idea, 'Cocaine Bear' review: Coke addict animal kills hilariously, terrifically fun London Palladium revival. For now, though, its time to pack up the chandelier. has a true pop sensibility, ladling on the. The Phantom of the Opera. Latest Events, Information & Tickets. Christine tries to reason with him by admitting that she only fears his malicious acts, not his appearance. Unaware of Christines love for Raoul, The Phantoms obsession sets the scene for a dramatic turn of events where jealousy, madness and passions collide. Thanks for contacting us. He went in to talk about the setting for his version of Phantom and how it plays into the story. St Louis' casting marks the first time a black performer has played the role of Christine, in the West End or on Broadway.Telling the story of a haunting presence in a French opera house, the piece is produced by Cameron Mackintosh and The Really Useful Group Ltd. Music is by Andrew Lloyd Webber with lyrics by Charles Hart, and additional lyrics by Richard Stilgoe. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Ladies and gentlemen, tickets are now available for the longest-running musical in Broadway history!! Raoul and the managers plan to capture the Phantom during his opera. A young soprano becomes the obsession of a disfigured and murderous musical genius who lives beneath the Paris Opra House.A young soprano becomes the obsession of a disfigured and murderous musical genius who lives beneath the Paris Opra House.A young soprano becomes the obsession of a disfigured and murderous musical genius who lives beneath the Paris Opra House. [19] She was later replaced by Anne Hathaway, a classically trained soprano, in 2004. Audiences are in for a thrilling night of spectacle and romance, accompanied by an unforgettable musical score. Still, I can easily imagine a more dashing, charismatic Phantom than Butler's. "He's got to be a bit rough, a bit dangerous; not a conventional singer. Cameron Mackintosh's spectacular new production of Andrew Lloyd Webber's The Phantom of the Opera comes to a city near you as part of a brand new North American Tour. With a limited release of 622 theaters, it opened at tenth place at the weekend box office, grossing $6.5million across five days. Broadway's groundbreaking musical "Phantom of the Opera" has once again made history. The Phantom and Raoul duel with each other before Raoul eventually knocks the Phantom down and flees with Christine. The Pantages Theatre is one of the top venues in Los Angeles for seeing the best of Broadway musicals. Los Angeles has been host to Phantom of the Opera throughout the years. When in town, Phantom of the Opera typically follows a weekly schedule like the below: With the world famous ball drop in Times Square, the dazzling tree at Rockefeller Center, and the fashion shops gone ham on 5th Ave, spending the holidays in New York can seem like an unaffordable fan American Athletic Conference Mens Basketball Tournament, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday: 8:00pm. You see two different worlds. The French Quarter, where New Orleans is not only known as Americas most haunted city, but the music, French Creole culture, the voodoo mystique, masquerade pageantry of Mardi Gras, just lent itself to a natural adaptation of the Paris setting, and a story that has revenge, unrequited love and mystery.. at the best online prices at eBay! Christine unmasks the Phantom during their passionate duet, revealing his deformity to the horrified audience. [18] Prior to his audition, Butler had no professional singing experience and had only taken four voice lessons before singing "The Music of the Night" for Lloyd Webber.[4]. Call 212-239-6200 or visit Telecharge.comfor more information. [34] The song was also nominated for the Golden Globe but it lost to Alfie's "Old Habits Die Hard". Giry explains that when she was younger, she met the Phantom, a deformed young boy, billed in a freak show and abused by the owner. Once Christine awakes and sees the Phantom, she removes his mask out of curiosity. It will have played 13,925 performances. Privacy Policy | New 'Phantom of the Opera' Movie Heading to Contemporary New Orleans, John Legend Producing, UNIVERSAL'S CLASSIC MONSTERS: THE ESSENTIAL COLLECTION Blu-ray Review, This Spielberg Movie Only Made a $1 Box Office Profit, In His First Starring Role, Jonathan Majors Gave Us Something We Rarely See Onscreen, Jesus Revolution Overperforms With $15.5 Million in Domestic Box Office Debut. "Then my career took off and I was really busy. [20] Hathaway was then replaced with Emmy Rossum. -(DJElandElectroMix) - - -2022. Phantom, sources said, has struggled to recover since it reopened in October 2021 following the pandemic closure, and is losing some $1 million a month. [5] The duo wrote the screenplay that same year,[6] while Michael Crawford and Sarah Brightman were cast to reprise their roles from the original stage production. Andrew Lloyd Webbers musical plans to play through the holidays, and then cap off its storied run on Feb. 18. [1][33], Anthony Pratt and Celia Bobak were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Art Direction, as was John Mathieson for Best Cinematography. The Phantom of the Opera is the story of a deformed musical composer who is shunned by society and haunts the Paris Opera House. Despite also lacking singing experience, Ciarn Hinds was cast by Schumacher as Richard Firmin; the two had previously worked together on Veronica Guerin. Read More Directions Majestic Theatre ADDRESS That said, this figure is an average, and the actual price may vary depending on a host of factors, primary the seating section. The Phantom of the Opera has released a new trailer!Led by Killian Donnelly in the titular role, taking on the role of Christine will be Lucy St Louis, with Rhys Whitfield playing Raoul. When the Phantom rebelled and strangled the owner to death, Giry helped him evade the resulting mob and hid him within the opera house. Sign up for our newsletter and get $5 off your first order! I went to see this film with my best friend yesterday and I asked her what she thought of the film and she said "That was the worst film i've ever seen" I turned to her and saw she was blubbing her eyes out(she was being sarcastic). The Phantom Of The Opera Scene: I Will Not Be Singing. Raoul, however, dismisses Christine's story. Rachel Leishman is a writer who specializes in yelling about her favorite properties.